Arbela

Darius the II is on the left, the Persian King whom Alexander defeated.

Gaugamela was called by the village that the battle itself was fought at, as most battles are. This was the major battle between Alexander of Macedonia and Darius II of the Persian Empire. In the summer of 331 B.C.E. had finally started to put the plan that he had been working on for a couple years into motion, trying to just strike the heart of the empire. Over the course of these two years, Darius prepared a great army to form a defense to Alexander. The battle was intricate and well planned by both sides, but in the end, Alexander the Great prevailed and rose above the Persian army when he forced Darius to flee his kingdom. After defeating the Persian King in battle, by January of 330 B.C.E., Alexander had moved into Persepolis to loot the city and its palaces, and then proceeded to burn it to the ground to show his power.

Just skimming the surface of the many places he visited can be found on this map : Alexander the Great